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分享減溫減壓裝置的常見問題及處理辦法

一(yi)、支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)、簡(jian)(jian)體(ti)彎曲原(yuan)(yuan)因分(fen)(fen)析(xi) 管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)截面上部(bu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度高(gao)于下(xia)(xia)(xia)部(bu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度，將(jiang)造(zao)(zao)成管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)軸向彎曲變(bian)形(xing)，與實際管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)理論分(fen)(fen)析(xi)一(yi)致，說(shuo)明管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)截面上下(xia)(xia)(xia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)是(shi)導致管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)彎曲變(bian)形(xing)及(ji)(ji)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)脫空(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因。 二(er)、焊縫(feng)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)原(yuan)(yuan)因分(fen)(fen)析(xi) 管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)熱脹、冷縮(suo)及(ji)(ji)其他位移受約束時所產生的(de)(de)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)稱為(wei)二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li))。允許應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)值為(wei)52.00MPa[出自(zi)于《火力(li)(li)(li)發電廠汽(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)計算(suan)技術規定》)(SDGJ6—90)。大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)頭的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)頭處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)為(wei)35.71MPa。由(you)此說(shuo)明兩點(dian)：①中(zhong)間(jian)支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)，減(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)超(chao)標(biao)，噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)閥(fa)后(hou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)容易產生裂(lie)(lie)紋；②中(zhong)間(jian)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)頭處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)頭處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)并不(bu)大(da)(一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)合(he)格)，支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)不(bu)是(shi)該(gai)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)產生裂(lie)(lie)紋的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因。 三、 減(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)截面下(xia)(xia)(xia)部(bu)熱應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)導致焊縫(feng)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie) 管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)較大(da)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)，尤其在(zai)(zai)(zai)切換某(mou)種工況時，再開(kai)(kai)車時管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)可能存在(zai)(zai)(zai)凝結水(shui)(shui)，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)蒸汽(qi)(qi)通過管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)使無水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁快速升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，而存水(shui)(shui)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)較慢，從而造(zao)(zao)成低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)較高(gao)的(de)(de)軸向拉應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)，這種較高(gao)的(de)(de)熱應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)或熱疲(pi)勞(lao)是(shi)焊縫(feng)開(kai)(kai)裂(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)因。 四、 對(dui)策 (1)為(wei)了(le)解(jie)決(jue)滑動(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中(zhong)間(jian)隆起的(de)(de)問題(ti)，西安熱工研究所對(dui)該(gai)系(xi)統(tong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)重新進(jin)行設(she)計計算(suan)及(ji)(ji)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)選型，使6#和(he)8#支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)承載，5#、7#、9#滑動(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)。這樣解(jie)決(jue)了(le)支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)懸空(kong)(kong)間(jian)題(ti)，改善減(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)結構(gou)應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)。 (2)簡(jian)(jian)體(ti)增加(jia)疏(shu)(shu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)，改善疏(shu)(shu)水(shui)(shui)條件。即在(zai)(zai)(zai)6#支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)后(hou)增加(jia)一(yi)個620疏(shu)(shu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)減(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)暖管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)及(ji)(ji)熱備用時開(kai)(kai)啟(qi)該(gai)疏(shu)(shu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，從而減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)簡(jian)(jian)體(ti)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)，使得(de)各個工況下(xia)(xia)(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)截面的(de)(de)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)得(de)到控制，從而減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)彎曲，消除焊縫(feng)裂(lie)(lie)紋。 (3)優(you)化噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)裝置(zhi)。原(yuan)(yuan)噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)位置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)6#支(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，改造(zao)(zao)后(hou)噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)裝置(zhi)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)減(jian)(jian)壓(ya)閥(fa)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。使減(jian)(jian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)與蒸汽(qi)(qi)混合(he)更均勻，減(jian)(jian)少溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)。

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